Sociocultural Perspective On Human Behavior And...

Have you ever wondered why do we do things that we do? Why do we act in a certain way? What compels us to follow a path or formulate habits? One perspective among many others is the sociocultural perspective. A sociocultural perspective is an approach to understand why humans behave the way they do. It seeks to understand human behavior and personality development by examining the influence of rules of social groups on individuals who are members of those social groups. Sociocultural approach is an emerging topic that looks at the important contributions that society makes to an individual. The sociocultural approach is based on the assumption that our personalities, beliefs, attitudes and skills are learned from others. It refers to a point of view that is built upon the idea that society and culture are major factors that influence personalities. This approach believes that people are heavily influenced by their social environment. What makes and defines us as individuals is the ap plication of sociocultural approach. For example, if you look outside the window and see a man talking to a tree, what conclusions will you draw? You may think the man is a lunatic and needs some kind of medication. But would your opinion change if you knew that the man was Native American and Native Americans believe in a spiritual philosophy that trees can speak if you listen to them. So you see, the context of culture makes a huge difference in how you ascertain someone’s behavior and that’sShow MoreRelatedHistorical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology1320 Words   |  6 PagesHistorical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology Susan Hardin University of Phoenix Abnormal Psychology PSY/410 Krisit Lane, Ph.D. October 25, 2011 Historical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology Historical perspectives of abnormal psychology sounds complicated, mainly due to the differing definitions, or interpretations, of what is considered abnormal. Identifying someone at work or in a social situation who appears to be behaving abnormally is easier to spot than it is to define theRead MorePsychology: Behavior and Mental Process1100 Words   |  5 PagesPsychology is the study of the behavior of individuals and their mental processes. (Gerrig page 2). I think the field of psychology is divided into several parts: Research, counseling, perspectives, goals, and careers. Research has played a vital role in the psychology. It has identified and helped us to understand how and why people feel, act, and think. Implementing the scientific method enables the results to be both reliable and valid. By employing this precise method, psychologists are ableRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Is It Nature Working With Nurture?1550 Words   |  7 PagesIs the question really Nature ve rsus Nurture or is it Nature working with Nurture? These two forces work together to form a person throughout his or her life. 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Child development is a very broad subject that encompasses an array of environmental and biological factors contributing to theRead MorePsychology : Psychodynamic And Behavioral Perspectives1320 Words   |  6 Pagessix modern psychological perspectives. These perspectives are behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, cognitive, sociocultural, and biological. Each perspective has its own unique way of explaining the human behavior. I believe to truly explain the complex mental processes and behavior, each perspective must be examined and not limited to just one. The following is my explanation and comparisons between two of these perspectives: psychodyna mic and behavioral perspectives pertaining to the articleRead MoreThe Ever-Changing Deviant Society Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagescauses of deviance and how deviance has changed throughout the years. So what, really, is deviance? According to John Macionis in Society: The Basics (2008), deviance is â€Å"the recognized violation of cultural norms†. These norms â€Å"guide virtually all human activities, [making] †¦ the concept of deviance quite broad† (Macionis, 2008). In America a cultural norm may range from watching television frequently to going shopping every weekend to eating out at restaurants on a regular basis. Not only do normsRead MoreFamily Youth Communtiy Sciences1484 Words   |  6 Pages 0.0/ 0.4 Points The stage concept assumes that change is A. development is a process of gradually adding more of the same types of skills that were there to begin with. B. change is fairly sudden rather than gradual and ongoing. C. infants and preschoolers respond to the world in much the same way as adults do. D. development is a smooth, continuous process. Question 3 of 25 0.0/ 0.4 Points Dr. Kudrow views development as open to change in response to influential experiences. Dr. KudrowRead MoreIntimate Relationships Between Estrogens And Androgens1676 Words   |  7 PagesWhen looking at intimate relationships from the varying psychological perspectives one must wonder how it is that any one perspective could be more or less important or contributive than another. Each perspective actually seems to come into play and have a role throughout an intimate relationship. When we first meet someone we decide if we are attracted to that person, we gauge how we physically respond to them this tends to be biologically driven, â€Å"The lust system is proposed to motivate individualsRead MoreThe Role Of Cultural And Social Influences On Our Behavior1301 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent ways psychologists study behaviors and mental processes. Included were the contemporary perspectives, such as behavioral, which focuses on behavior that is observed. Psychodynamic focuses on our fantasies and our hidden motives. Humanistic is all about our free will and conscious choices. 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What Made Non Violence Work - 1154 Words

Gandhi and Mandela: What Made Non-Violence Work? Background Essay The history of violence in the world is well documented. However it is also possible to use non-violence to bring about change. This DBQ will look at two countries where a non-violent movement was successful. Historic Context India and South Africa were two important nations on two different continents. But although they looked strong on the outside, each one suffered from a disease that threatened the health of the whole. For India, the disease was colonization. For South Africa, it was racial segregation. Three Conditions In each of these nations three conditions help explain why non-violence worked. The first condition was that both of them†¦show more content†¦This was the first time, though not the last, that Mandela felt disrespected for his blackness. In the 1930’s it was rare for a black South African to attend college. But Mandela not only attended, he graduated, got a degree from law school, and set up a practice in Johannesburg which he hoped could support his small family. Yet apartheid was always a humiliation to him. When the Afrikaner, or Dutch South African, Nationalists came to power in the 1948 election, the segregation habits of the past three hundred years became law. Hoping for a brighter future, Mandela joined the African National Congress (ANC) and became its first Youth Leader. In the 1960s, many of the colonial nations of Africa were gaining independence. The ANC was encouraged and campaigned for democracy in South Africa. They were mild campaigns at first, but as the government became more hostile, so did ANC protests. In November 1961, a military branch of the party was organized with Mandela as its head. It authorized the limited use of arms and sabotage against the government, which got the government’s attention—and its anger! Mandela went into hiding in 1964, he was captured, tried, and sentenced to life imprisonment. It was a sad day for black South Africa. As days stretched to months, months to years,Show MoreRelatedWhat Made Non Violence Work?1350 Words   |  6 PagesWhat Made Non-Violence Work? While when discussing the history of the world’s power forces, violence makes for stimulating discussion, other tactics were put to good use, one of these alternatives being non-violence. With the guidance of three worldwide heroes - Mohandas Gandhi, Martin Luther King Jr., and Nelson Mandela - with contagious optimism and high spirits, it became apparent just how much of a difference could be made carried out through non-violent terms. Mankind was introduced to anotherRead MoreGandhi, King and Mandela: What Made Non-Violence Work?797 Words   |  4 PagesMandela: What Made Non-Violence Work? 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He also believed that blacks should try to find common ground between them and the whiteRead MoreReligion and Violence Essay examples1081 Words   |  5 PagesConflict and violence is around us throughout the world and the mass media has made a huge impact of what we think of violence and the relation to religion, especially in the last couple of years. In addition violence has been considered as being part of human nature and comes from our biological struct ure of aggression. It is an out let for us to relieve stress levels and some believe that it can be a device of vengeance and a positive mechanism to human survival. For example it is a system forRead MoreCivil Disobedience By Henry David Thoreau1384 Words   |  6 Pagesand nonviolent opposition. The question is which of these is more appealing than the other. In violent protest, citizens protest against their opposition with violence such as; rioting, vandalizing, arson, assault, and many other forms of violence. 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It is true that we were born into different lifestyles yet we do not know much about ourselves, especially how we, oppressed people, can deal things in a non-violent resistance. According to Martin Luther King’s Three Ways of Meeting Oppression, he reveals how we can deal with our oppression in three characteristic ways – non-violent resistance, violent resistance and acquiescence. He believesRead Morethe person I admire most1743 Words   |  7 Pagesgaining the freedom of India. Mahatma Gandhi gave the Indian People not only freedom but also the new thoughts on non-violence and sustainable living. There are some qualities about him like trust, non-violence, legacy, etc. These qualities are the ones that inspired me. He said that â€Å"If my faith burns bright as I hope it will even if I start alone, I shall be alive in grave and what is more speaking from it†. Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in small town named Porbander. Gandhi wasRead MoreWorld Peace and Nonviolence1443 Words   |  6 PagesWorld Peace and Non-violence Ganadhipati Tulsi Society consists of innumerable individuals having a common bond. That bond is mutuality. Plurality constitutes collectivity, but mere collectivity does not become society without the bond of mutuality. Without a common thread the beads would not make a rosary and it is of utmost importance to examine and evaluate the thread. We live as part of society and the unit of society is the individual. Like individuals like society and vice versa. The above

Critical Appraisal Heart Foundation of Australia

Question: Discuss about theCritical Appraisalfor Heart Foundation of Australia. Answer: Introduction The study is to quantify the cardiovascular diseases, the assessment of the risk in the Australian population and the treatment associated with it like the lipid lowering therapy (2) The Heart Foundation of Australia analyses the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. The Australian Bureau of Statistics and the Australian Health Survey in 2014 showed that it is the biggest reason of mortality with a risk greater than 26% (15) According to the Heart Foundation, the cardiovascular diseases contribute to 43,603 deaths, killing a person in every 12 minutes and every one in four suffer from CVD in rural and regional areas when compared to metropolitan cities where one in five suffer from the disease (16) The cross-sectional study design was adopted to study the 9564 people aged 18 years and participated in 2011-2012 at the Australian National Health Measures (ANHM) design survey (13) This design was adopted to study the extent of the CVD and the associated risk exposures in Australia. It is suitable for studying the prevalence of the behavior of a disease in a population (12) It is quick, easy to understand, cheap to maintain and based on questionnaire (4) The study design was beneficial in quantifying the CVD, the associated risks in different age groups and the assessment of it (10) The underlying treatment was also studied like the use of lipid lowering therapy (9) In general population, the study was aimed at making the people aware about the CVD, the associated risk and different strategies to reduce it by performing awareness programs, planning and implementation of the strategies. In the concerned population, the individual risk can be studied, the factors contributing to that risk and the management plan of the reduction of the risk. The disadvantage of the study is that it failed to identify the studies done previously for absolute CVD detection for population, the representative information, the integration of primary and the secondary CVD and the treatment of high blood pressure and lipid lowering therapy. The important disadvantage was the NHMS tool with limitations that lacked data of Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) and proteinuria in feeding NVDPA algorithm. The above limitation led to inclusion of participants that are older in age and already suffering from one or more weakness. The authors managed this disadvantage by the under-inclusion of absolute risk of CVD that had been underestimated in people above 74 years. The general population of interest is the study of CVD, the risk associated with it; implementation of CVD assessment on a large scale based on the absolute risk is most cost effective. The study sample was 9564 participants from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Australian Health Survey (2) of group of 18 years and the data provided by the National Health Measures (NHM) survey between the years March 2011 till September 2012 (14) The 30,329 eligible participants in NHM survey and 46.5% of it aged 45-74 years. This sample population is considered because they were aimed at quantifying the absolute cardiovascular disease risk in the adult Australian population aged 45-74 years and treatment of blood pressure with lipid lowering medications as the risk factors are most in this aged population with CVD. This age group is important as they have an absolute risk of a future CVD. The findings concerned the population in a generalized way that is undergoing the treatment for CVD and the related risk. The risk could be assessed before the commencement of the treatment and moreover the category changed when the ongoing treatment shifted with the consumption of the blood pressure and the lipid lowering medications (3) The findings could not be generalized to the groups of people who are at low risk for CVD as compared to the group of people who are at high risk and undergoing treatment with lipid lowering therapy and reduction of blood pressure. The concern for the study is appropriate. The cardiovascular diseases are reaching an alarming stage due to the sedentary lifestyle and due to obesity (5) The individual risk management, the factors contributing to the risk and the assessment of the concerned risk were also important that potentially benefitted to balance the harms and the benefits and cost-effectiveness of the associated treatment (1) American Diabetes Association. 8. Cardiovascular disease and risk management. Diabetes care. 2015 Jan 1;38(Supplement 1):S49-57. According to the above mentioned paper, cardiovascular disease is the major concern in people and the risk management in individuals. The blood pressure control with routine check-ups and self monitoring is important as it is an associated risk factor with CVD. The lipid management is also important as quoted by this article and it correlates with our concerned paper regarding the age group of 40 years and above. The lipid profile screening is crucial at the time of the first diagnosis and the initial evaluation for CVD. Jansen J, Bonner C, McKinn S, Irwig L, Glasziou P, Doust J, Teixeira-Pinto A, Hayen A, Turner R, McCaffery K. General practitioners use of absolute risk versus individual risk factors in cardiovascular disease prevention: an experimental study. BMJ open. 2014 May 1;4(5):e004812. The above paper stated the findings that justify the concerned paper. They found out that the management of risk in individuals is important for the absolute risk evaluation in CVD. The results could be concluded in a way in which the lipid lowering or blood pressure medication is provided for patients at low risk of CVD. It also stated that the management of individual risk is a more consistent approach for proper risk evaluation. Internal validity is a term used to evaluate the authenticity of the research. It refers to the well execution of the experiment and avoiding the independent variables like the cause that is acting simultaneously (17) The internal validity helps you to choose only one explanation over the other with high confidence limits as it avoids multiple possibilities (19) It approximates the truth about the cause-effect relationships. When we extend our findings to a generalized population at large is the external validity. It validates the result obtained from a small group whether in laboratory or to a small sample group and extended to entire population (6) The poor external validity does not justify the results along with the sampling and the selection criteria. The bias is defined as a tendency that occurs to systemic error during the introduction of sampling or selecting out just one outcome over the other ones. The scientists portray the outcome by performing research that influences the results called experimental bias. Bias is a qualitative research that makes the result more dependent (7) The error in research can be explained in a way that it is the difference between the average values obtained in a study and the true average value of the targeted population. The error explains the extent to which the study is lagging the mark by eliminating the flaws made in research study (8) The basic difference between the error and the bias in research is that error constitutes the flaws in a study result but the bias is only systematic in nature. When the data is collected in a way that is different from true value of the concerned population it is bias. The bias is a result of mistakes whereas the sampling error is selection of appropriate sam ple size and method (11) The potential sources of bias that arises in a cross-sectional study are selection bias and the informational bias. In selection bias, it is necessary to select a sample called the study population but this selection is done at random and not representative resulting in the serious selection bias. The investigator and the study subjects are considered in the selection bias. The information on the risks and the outcomes along with the other factors was considered. The possible related biases are obtained in performing the research. It is an information bias. The exposure and the outcome are the main considerations in information bias. A confounding variable is a pure prevalent of survey. It is also a potential source of bias. The dependent and the independent variable are considered in the experimental design. It is a secondary and a changing condition that hypothesize the experimenters inference of cause and the effect relationship. To maintain the integrity of the findings, the researchers control the confounding variables. The researcher needs to consider the potential conditions and the invalidation of the results. It is important to control the confounding variables so that the experimental findings are not unreliable (18) The notion of bias is related to the confounding variable. The positive and the negative confounding are relatable to the notion of bias. Concisely, confounding is a condition in which the effect between the exposure and the outcome is distorted in presence of another variable. When the observed association is away from the null called the biased condition in positive confounding and when the observed association is towards the null is the biased condition in negative confounding. The positive and the negative conditions intend to occur in confounding variables (20) References: Artac M, Dalton AR, Majeed A, Car J, Millett C. Effectiveness of a national cardiovascular disease risk assessment program (NHS Health Check): results after one year. Preventive medicine. 2013 Aug 31;57(2):129-34. Banks E, Crouch SR, Korda RJ, Stavreski B, Page K, Thurber KA, Grenfell R. Absolute risk of cardiovascular disease events, and blood pressure-and lipid-lowering therapy in Australia. Med J Aust. 2016 May 2;204(8):320. Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration. Blood pressure-lowering treatment based on cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. The Lancet. 2014 Aug 22;384(9943):591-8. Cohen L, Manion L, Morrison K. Research methods in education. Routledge; 2013 Mar 7. De Schutter A, Lavie CJ, Milani RV. The impact of obesity on risk factors and prevalence and prognosis of coronary heart diseasethe obesity paradox. Progress in cardiovascular diseases. 2014 Feb 28;56(4):401-8. com. External Validity [Internet]. [Cited]. Available from: https://explorable.com/external-validity com. Research Bias [Internet]. [Cited]. Available from: https://explorable.com/research-bias com. Sampling Error [Internet]. [Cited]. Available from: https://fluidsurveys.com/ Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Blaha MJ, Dai S, Ford ES, Fox CS, Franco S, Fullerton HJ. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2014 update. Circulation. 2014 Jan 21;129(3). Joffres M, Falaschetti E, Gillespie C, Robitaille C, Loustalot F, Poulter N, McAlister FA, Johansen H, Baclic O, Campbell N. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in national surveys from England, the USA and Canada, and correlation with stroke and ischaemic heart disease mortality: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open. 2013 Aug 1;3(8):e003423. science.psu.edu. Lesson 4: Bias and Random Error [Internet]. [Cited]. Available from: https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat509/node/26 Sedgwick P. Cross sectional studies: Advantages and disadvantages. Brit. Med. J. 2014 Mar 26;348. abs.gov.au. 4363.0.55.001 - Australian Health Survey: Users' Guide, 2011-13[Internet]. 2015 [cited May 2013]. Available from: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/4363.0.55.001 aihw.gov.au. Cardiovascular disease, diabetes and chronic kidney disease Australia facts [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2014]. Available from: https://www.aihw.gov.au/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=60129549614 heartfoundation.org.au. Heart disease in Australia [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2014]. Available from: https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/about-us/what-we-do/heart-disease-in-australia heartfoundation.org.au. Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in Australia [Internet]. 2014 [cited August 2014]. Available from: https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/about-us/what-we-do/heart-disease-in-australia/prevalence-of-cardiovascular-disease-cvd-in-australia indiana.edu. Internal Validity [Internet]. [Cited]. Available from: https://www.indiana.edu/~p1013447/dictionary/int_val.htm reference.com. What is the definition of a confounding variable? [Internet]. [cited]. Available from: https://www.reference.com/math/definition-confounding-variable-a860f01685df9a00# socialresearchmethods.net. Web center for social research methods [Internet]. [Cited]. Available from: https://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/intval.php Yu IT, Tse SL. Workshop 6--sources of bias in cross-sectional studies; summary on sources of bias for different study designs. Hong Kong medical journal= Xianggang yi xue za zhi/Hong Kong Academy of Medicine. 2012 Jun;18(3):226-7.

Ethical Analysis and Decision Making Process †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Is there an Ethical Dilemma? 2.Four-step Ethical Analysis and Decision Making Process? Answers: 1. According to the given case study, there is a presence of ethical dilemma. As the Head of the IT security Jill had previously fired Harry for providing assistance on internet regarding his newly made antivirus program under the name of Locksmith. Jill told Harry not to publish that program as she thought that it might emerge as potentially dangerous software. After that, the owner of the organization found about the works of Locksmith on the internet and ordered his subordinates to recruit the man who is behind the name of Locksmith [1]. In this case, as Harry was the one behind the name of Locksmith there was an ethical dilemma in recruiting him back for the organization. 2. This situation according to the given case study states that the situation is an appropriate example of an ethical dilemma within a business organization. It is seen that the models and theories related to this issue, and those are theories of consequentialism, rights and duties, categorical imperative and many more. These theories clearly states that the situation is truly under an ethical dilemma whether he should be called in again or not. Along with it there was another problem, as the Security manager thought that the software Harry made was dangerous for the organization, and on the other hand the owner of the organization thought that it would have been beneficial for the organization[2]. References Crane, Andrew, and Dirk Matten.Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press, 2016. Trevino, Linda K., and Katherine A. Nelson.Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right. John Wiley Sons, 2016.